Basilica Originally a Roman, large roofed hall erected for transacting business and disposing of legal matters later the term came to describe an aisled building with a clerestory. Basement The lowest, subordinate storey of building often either entirely or partially below ground level the lowest part of classical elevation, below the piano nobile. Bartizan An overhanging, wall-mounted turret projecting from the walls, usually at the corners, of medieval fortifications or churches. Barrel vault An architectural element formed by the extrusion of a single curve (or pair of curves, in the case of a pointed barrel vault) along a given distance. Bargeboard A board fastened to the projecting gables of a roof. The load limit to this member is the crippling capacity (horizontal failure) of the girder. The struts are sized to accept the compressive forces imposed without bending. The bar(s) runs down and below the girder and stand off the girder on one or more struts anchored to the girder at its bottom surface. Bar-stayed girder A structural member of inadequate capacity for its load or span that is augmented by one or two steel bars anchored to each bearing end at or above the centroid of the girder to assume the tension forces.
#SHARP STEPPED GABLE ROOFS SERIES#
A series of balusters supporting a handrail or coping is called a balustrade. A page of fanciful balusters Baluster A small moulded shaft, square or circular, in stone or wood, sometimes metal, supporting the coping of a parapet or the handrail of a staircase. Ball flower An architectural ornament in the form of a ball inserted in the cup of a flower, which came into use in the latter part of the 13th, and was in great vogue in the early part of the 14th century. B Balconet A false balcony, or railing at the outer plane of a window. The story above the main entablature of a classical façade. Attic A small top story within a roof above the uppermost ceiling. Atrium (plural: atria) The inner court of a Roman house in a multi-story building, a toplit covered court rising through all stories. Atlas A support sculpted in the form of a man, which may take the place of a column, a pier or a pilaster. Astragal A moulding profile composed of a half-round surface surrounded by two flat planes ( fillets).
Ashlar Masonry of large blocks cut with even faces and square edges. Articulation The manner or method of jointing parts such that each part is clear and distinct in relation to the others, even though joined. Arrowslit A thin vertical aperture in a fortification through which an archer can launch arrows. Arris Rail A type of rail, often wooden, with a cross-section resembling an isosceles triangle. Arris A sharp edge created when two surfaces converge this includes the raised edge between two flutes on a column or pilaster, if that edge is sharp. Area or basement area In Georgian architecture, the small paved yard giving entry, via "area steps", to the basement floor at the front of a terraced house. Also the moulded frame of a door or window (often borrowing the profile of a classical architrave). Architrave A formalized lintel, the lowest member of the classical entablature. Arch A curved structure capable of spanning a space while supporting significant weight. Blind arcade or arcading: the same applied to the wall surface. Arcade A passage or walkway covered over by a succession of arches or vaults supported by columns. Araeosystyle An architectural term applied to a colonnade, in which the intercolumniation is alternately wide and narrow. The large interval between columns necessitates the use of a wooden architrave. Araeostyle A style of intercolumniation in which the distance between columns is at least four diameters. In some churches, the choir is seated in this space. That portion of a church, usually Christian, beyond the "crossing" and opposite the nave.
Apse A vaulted semicircular or polygonal end of a chancel or chapel. A concrete slab immediately outside a vehicular door or passageway used to limit the wear on asphalt paving due to repetitive turning movements or heavy loads. An open portion of a marine terminal immediately adjacent to a vessel berth, used in the direct transfer of cargo between the vessel and the terminal. A raised panel below a window or wall monument or tablet. Ante-choir The space enclosed in a church between the outer gate or railing of the rood screen and the door of the screen. Aisle The subsidiary space alongside the body of a building, separated from it by columns, piers, or posts. Accolade A sculptural embellishment of an arch. A Abacus A flat slab forming the uppermost member or division of the capital of a column.
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